Current legislation provides for the dog population control through limiting births. The 2007 budget established that the Regions and Provinces, within the framework of regional programming, must give priority to birth control plans by allocating a quota of no less than 60% of the resources allocated for fight against stray dogs and sterilizations, where necessary, or other initiatives aimed at prevent the phenomenon of strays. Themandatory sterilization of stray dogs derives from the need to develop a birth control policy in order to reduce the phenomenon of stray animals and overcrowding in kennels; However, it would be desirable for this practice to find greater diffusion also among owned dogs. Sterilization is a routine surgical operation, which is carried out under general anesthesia and adopting small precautions for the pain control the animal he has a total recovery in a short time. Female ovariohysterectomy: surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus oophorectomy: surgical removal of the ovaries only Male orchiectomy: surgical removal of the testes. The sterilization of both males and females has as its fundamental objectives the fight against stray dogs, the prevention of neoplasms and other diseases of the genital system (e.g. breast cancer, testicular cancer, prostatitis, prostate cancer, endometritis, pyometra, ovarian cancer, pseudo pregnancy, mastitis). The Ministry sponsored the awareness and information campaign on sterilization promoted by the National League for the Defense of Dogs.